Dimerization method
US3956358A · kind A · utility
Assignee
Inventor
Key dates
| Filing date | Dec 30, 1974 |
| Grant date | May 11, 1976 |
| Priority date | — |
| Expiry date | Dec 30, 1994 |
Classification
- Technology area (CPC C)Chemistry; Metallurgy
- CPC primaryC07C255/00
- WIPO fieldOrganic fine chemistry
- WIPO sectorChemistry
Abstract
Derivatives of the .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids are dimerized by reaction in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of (a) at least one metal compound of the formula M(X).sub.n wherein M is zinc, aluminum, titanium, vanadium, iron, or cobalt, X is a halide and n is a number equal to the valence of the metal M and (b) at least one nitrogen-containing Lewis Base which is (1) a tertiary monoaryl amine of the formula, ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and each is an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group with at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 containing at least two carbon atoms; or (2) a tertiary monobenzyl amine of the formula, ##EQU2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are the same or different and each is an alkyl or cycloalkyl radical; or (3) a tertiary di- or poly-functional amine which contains at least two Lewis Base nitrogen groups which are separated from each other by at least one carbon atom, and are (a) N-disubstituted amino groups wherein each N-substituent is the same or different and is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl, aryl radical or (b) N-heterocyclic groups containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms; or (4) an N-substituted heterocycli…
Source: USPTO / EPO open patent data. Objective bibliographic and citation counts.