Patent · US Expired

Methods and apparatus for determining formation lithology by gamma ray spectroscopy

US5440118A · kind A · utility

36Cited by
11References
51Claims
0Family size

Assignee

Inventor

Key dates

Filing dateMar 31, 1994
Grant dateAug 8, 1995
Priority date
Expiry dateMar 31, 2014

Classification

  • Technology area (CPC G)Physics
  • CPC primaryG01V5/101
  • WIPO fieldMeasurement
  • WIPO sectorInstruments

Abstract

Inelastic scattering gamma ray spectra taken in a borehole are analyzed by a least squares spectral fitting process to determine the relative elemental contributions thereto of chemical elements postulated to be present in unknown earth formations and contributing to the measured spectra from the formations. The relative inelastic yields for silicon, calcium and magnesium are calibrated to provide straightforward estimates of the respective elemental concentrations for those elements and of the volumetric fractions of the elements or associated rock types, such as sandstone, limestone and dolomite, in the formations. The ratio of the relative inelastic yields for magnesium and calcium provides an indication of the degree of dolomitization of a formation. A technique for determining formation iron content from the relative inelastic iron yield in open or cased holes is also disclosed. Based on the calibrated inelastic yields for silicon and/or calcium, calibrated estimates of the elemental yields from measured thermal neutron capture gamma ray spectra may also be determined, from which further information concerning formation lithology may be derived. In addition, the calibrated ine…

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