Patent · US Expired

Techniques for measuring difference of an optical property at two wavelengths by modulating two sources to have opposite-phase components at a common frequency

US5774213A · kind A · utility

170Cited by
18References
11Claims
0Family size

Inventors

Key dates

Filing dateAug 23, 1995
Grant dateJun 30, 1998
Priority date
Expiry dateAug 23, 2015

Classification

  • Technology area (CPC G)Physics
  • CPC primaryG01N21/3151
  • WIPO fieldMeasurement
  • WIPO sectorInstruments

Abstract

A technique for making precise spectrophotometric measurements illuminates a sample with two or more modulated light sources at two or more, typically closely spaced, wavelengths. Light from the sources is combined, homogenized, and directed to the sample, and the light from the sample is collected and detected by a photodetector. The optical output powers of two sources are modulated with the same periodicity and with a reversed amplitude. Variations in the concentrations of species in the sample affect the modulation amplitude representing the sum of the optical powers from two sources in such a way as to produce an output signal. That output signal, based on an electrical component varying with a periodicity at the fundamental frequency, provides a measure of the difference in the transmissions (or other optical properties) of the sample at the two wavelengths. Feedback methods, such as null-point detection, provide stable, sensitive measurements. Wavelength-division multiplexing--required for simultaneous measurements at many wavelengths--is achieved by modulating different pairs of sources at different frequencies.

Source: USPTO / EPO open patent data. Objective bibliographic and citation counts.