Organic EL element, display apparatus, and light-emitting apparatus
US8664669B2 · kind B2 · utility
Assignee
Inventors
Key dates
| Filing date | Jan 30, 2012 |
| Grant date | Mar 4, 2014 |
| Priority date | — |
| Expiry date | Jan 30, 2032 |
Classification
- Technology area (CPC H)Electricity
- CPC primaryH10K2101/00
Abstract
An organic EL element has an anode, a cathode, a hole injection layer and at least one functional layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. The at least one functional layer contains an organic material. Holes are injected into the functional layer from the hole injection layer, which contains a tungsten oxide. A Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) spectrum obtained from a UPS measurement has a protrusion near a Fermi surface and within a region corresponding to a binding energy range lower than a top of the valence band. The tungsten oxide contained in the hole injection layer satisfies a condition, determined from an X-ray Photoelectronic Spectroscopy measurement, that a ratio in a number density of atoms other than tungsten and oxygen atoms to the tungsten atoms does not exceed approximately 0.83.
Source: USPTO / EPO open patent data. Objective bibliographic and citation counts.