Toner, process cartridge, developer, and image forming apparatus
US9477165B2 · kind B2 · utility
Assignee
Inventors
Key dates
| Filing date | Mar 16, 2015 |
| Grant date | Oct 25, 2016 |
| Priority date | — |
| Expiry date | Mar 16, 2035 |
Classification
- Technology area (CPC G)Physics
- CPC primaryG03G9/08797
- WIPO fieldMacromolecular chemistry, polymers
- WIPO sectorChemistry
Abstract
A toner including a polyester resin having an amorphous polyester segment is provided. The amorphous polyester segment includes a condensation polymerization product between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The carboxylic acid includes both aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids. The toner deforms with a deformation rate of from 1.0% to 5.0% under a pressure of 100 gf at 40° C. and 80% RH. In a binarized image of an AFM phase image of the toner, first phase-contrast images serving as large-phase-difference portions are dispersed in second phase-contrast images serving as small-phase-difference portions, and the first phase-contrast images have a dispersion diameter of 100 nm or less. An endothermic quantity Q1 obtained in a first heating of DSC is from 10 to 50 J/g, and a ratio of an endothermic quantity obtained in the second heating Q2 to that in first heating Q1 is 0.65 or less.
Source: USPTO / EPO open patent data. Objective bibliographic and citation counts.